RISK FACTORS OF VASCULAR CALCIFICATION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS

*Dr. Sajeevkumar K. S., Dr. Manoj T., Dr. M. K. Mohana Das and Dr. Induprabha Yadav

ABSTRACT

Background: Vascular calcification is common in patients with chronic kidney disease doing dialysis and is associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease and death, an increase in the severity of vascular anastomoses (vascular grafts or AV fistulae). Objectives: Objective was to find a correlation of various risk factors with vascular calcification in CKD patients on hemodialysis. Methods: CKD patients aged 18-80 hemodialysis for at least three months from a teaching hospital in South India are selected. Patient enrolment period was for 6 months from March 2014. The clinical and biochemical parameters of these patients were recorded. Digtal X-ray of the adomen lateral view and non contrast MDCT abdomen [128 slice using Siemens machine] of these patients were taken. These patients were followed for 2 years. Results: Of the 80 patients, 62 (77.5%) were male. The average age of the study population was 49.9 +/-12.2 years. Age was found to be a major risk factor for Vascular calcification.odds ratio was 1.213 (95% CI 1.103-1.334), P value <0.001. Vascular calcification was present for CT in 63 patients and X-ray in 32. No statistical significance was found for male sex, number of years on dialysis and diabetic nephropathy. The level of C-reactive protein had a significant correlation with odds ratio of 1.138 (95% CI 1.016-1.274). Poor association of serum calcium, phosphorus, albumin, and calcium phosphorus product with vascular calcification. Conclusion: Age is the most important risk factor for vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. Inflamatory marker C reactive protein also has significant correlation with vascular calcification.

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, Vascular calcification, Risk factors.