TYPICAL / ATYPICAL PRESENTATION OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Dr. Vijaysuharsha Goriparti* and Dr. Vinisha Nimmagadda

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim: Increased reactivation of tuberculosis lesions has also been recorded in diabetics. The stress of a severe chronic infection may enhance existing insulin resistance and unmask an underlying β-cell deficiency leading to hyperglycemia; it is therefore possible that the risk of DM is increased among people with TB. The aim of the study was to analyze typical/atypical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: A prospective study including 150 microscopically proven cases of sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Among these, 75 are diabetic patients with sputum positive tuberculosis and 75 are non-diabetic patients with sputum positive tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed by detailed history, clinical examination, sputum examination for acid fast bacilli, chest radiography. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed using the national diabetes data group and WHO diagnostic criteria. Results: The majority of the patients in the diabetic group were in the age group more than 40 years, while in the non-diabetic group, majority of the patients were in the age group less than 40 years. There was a preponderance of male in both the groups over the female patients who had tuberculosis. Fever, cough and weakness were the three most common symptoms seen in patients with tuberculosis in both the groups. Conclusion: There was a preponderance of male in both the groups over the female patients. There is no significant difference in the symptoms in both the groups.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Gender, Hyperglycemia, Tuberculosis.