CORRELATION BETWEEN THE AGE AND THE HISTOLOGICAL TYPES OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

Dr. Sarah Khudhair Obayes* and Dr. Nazar Abdul Hassan Alwakeel

ABSTRACT

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is account 2%–3% of all adult carcinoma. It is more common present in older age group, and it is present between 50 and 70 years of age. However, diagnosis of renal cancer is occur more in patients younger than 40 years of age compering with older age patients. It would be believed that renal cancer arising in young adults likely to have symptoms and aggressive behavior. Objective 1. To detect the frequency of each types of renal cell carcinoma. 2. To correlate the types with age of patient. Material and Method: This is retrospective study, case series study, conducted on 100 patient present with renal cell carcinoma, data collected from Baghdad medical city and Ghazi AL Hariri hospital in IRAQ, in period from January 2019- October 2020. Inclusion criteria: patient age, TNM staging, Fuhrman grade, tumor size and histological types. Exclusion criteria: M stage not record because it is not mentioned in most of the patients while we taking the information. Formalin fixed & paraffin embedded tissue blocks of nephrectomy specims, were used. For each case, the histopathological reports reviewed regarding final diagnosis, age of patients, TNM staging, Fuhrman grade, tumor size and histological types. Also, H&E stained slides were reviewed whenever accessible and the histological types of RCC were classified according to WHO classification system. Result: During the study period, a total of (n) 100 patients were admitted with histopathological proven RCC. The patients divided in two age group ≤ 40 years and ˃ 40 years, the Mean ± Std age at diagnosis was (1.40+0.56) and (1.28+0.45) respectively, range: 30–79, and 07% of the patients were males. The Mean ± Std tumour size was (1.45+0.61) cm (range: 1-23 cm). The two age groups included ≤ 40 years was 15 patients (15%) and ≥ 40 years 85 (85%) patients. The four main histologic subtypes were clear-cell, papillary, chromophobe and Sarcomatoid carcinomas, accounting for 60%, 29%, 4% and 7% of the cases, respectively. Organ-confined (T1–T2) and low-grade tumours (grade 1–2) accounted for 45% and 65% of the cases, respectively. The vast majority of patients had no nodal (n=12:12.0%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that older age (˃ 40 yrs) patients were more affected by RCC specially clear RCC, and male predominance, while the histological grade and stage were the same in both age groups.

Keywords: clear-cell, papillary, chromophobe and Sarcomatoid carcinomas.