EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

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 ISSN 2394-3211

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Abstract

HEALTH RISK EVALUATION OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS VIA THE CONSUMPTION OF FRESH AND SALT WATER FISH AND SHELLFISH CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS FROM THE NUN RIVER, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

*Markmanuel D. P., Markbere O. B. and Abasi C. Y.

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the levels of As, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in fresh and salt water fish and shellfish species and evaluated the health risk of children and adults via the consumption of these species from the Nun River. The mean metal levels were determined by AAS. Cr levels were above the threshold limits of FAO/WHO and IEAE, while Pb, As, Cd and Ni were within or below their threshold values in both fresh and salt water species. The health risk evaluation results revealed that children are at greater risk of exposure to these contaminants compared to adults in all the species. The CDI (mg/kg-bw/day) values for both children and adults were either below or within the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) set by regulatory bodies. The non-carcinogenic risk results were all < 1, indicating that the exposed populations are unlikely to experience non-carcinogenic health hazard at the moment. The carcinogen risk evaluation revealed that Pb, Cd and Cr will posed a risk of 3-5 persons in a thousand rather than threshold value of 1.00E-04 for both children and adults. Ni values were within the limits of 1.00E-06 but lower than 1.00E-04 while, TRc values of As were all below the threshold values of 1.00E-06 – 1.00E-04 set by USEPA. Therefore, in view of the potential risk pose by these contaminants to children and adults from this study, there is need for continuous monitoring of contaminants in the Nun River, Bayelsa State.

Keywords: Fish and Shellfish, Heavy Metal, Nun River, Carcinogenic and Non-carcinogenic Risk.


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Google Scholar Indian Science Publications InfoBase Index (In Process) SOCOLAR, China Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN International Society for Research activity (ISRA) Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) Polish Scholarly Bibliography Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) Universal Impact Factor International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE Index Copernicus CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) UDLedge Science Citation Index CiteFactor Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) Indian citation Index (ICI) Journal Index (JI, Under Process) Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) Open Access Journals (Under Process) Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) Cosmos Impact Factor Jour Informatics (Under Process) Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) Web of Science Group (Under Process) Directory of Research Journals Indexing Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) Scope Database Academia