HYPONATREMIA IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Dr. N. Govindarajan and *Dr. N.M.S. Ahamed
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The most common form is pulmonary tuberculosis. The disease is usually chronic with varying manifestations. Various complications have been reported along with pulmonary tuberculosis, including electrolyte imbalance particularly hyponatremia. this aim of our study is to evaluate the sodium level of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis., to find the correlation between hyponatremia and Gender, Age and anti TB medication and other comorbid conditions. Also, to find the impact of hyponatremia on patients with TB. Methodology: The study was carried out in patients admitted in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of six months. Study was done as prospective analytical study. Patients with or without constitutional symptoms of pulmonary TB with sputum positive or negative or culture positive Pulmonary TB and age above 12 yrs were included in the study. While patients with H/o renal disease, abnormal mental status, H/o TB meningitis, uncontrolled hyperglycemia, TB and HIV and extra pulmonary TB were excluded. Results and Discussion: In our study population we analysed the serum sodium levels between cases and controls and it was low in cases in comparison to controls and it was significant with a p value of 0.001. In our study population we analysed the relation between age and presence of hyponatremia and it was significant with a p value of 0.001. The most probable mechanism underlying for developing hyponatremia in this group is proposed as SIADH. Higher incidence of hyponatremia in older age group suggests that they should be closely monitored for electrolyte imbalance, if any symptoms occur, it should be promptly treated.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Hyponatremia.
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