RECENT CHALLENGES IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND AN UPDATE ON USE OF PROMISING ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT FOR COVID-19 THROUGHOUT THE WORLD

Mahadev Tate*, Akshay Gade and Ritesh Fule

ABSTRACT

In recent time numerous viruses have arisen and affected the global health. Millions of people are at higher risk of acquiring Several evolving viral infections. Novel corona virus is a major source of disaster in current 21st century. On 30th Jan 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. Corona virus as known to be a zoonotic virus. During the last 4-5 years, corona viruses have become the most important viruses worldwide because of the occurrence of many recent deaths caused by corona viruses in Saudi Arabia.[1] The first cases of corona virus infection in Saudi Arabia, were reported on June 13, 2012; after this outbreak, corona virus continued to spread to many countries in Asia, Europe, America, Africa. During the research work it is found that there are seven major targets (spike protein, envelop protein, membrane protein, protease, nucleocapsid protein, hemagglutinin esterase and helicase) for which drug design can be considered. There are other 16 nonstructural proteins, which can also consider for drug design. The data reported in current review are based on real time updates. This paper reviews the literature on all available information about risk factors, chance of infection, prevention methods of corona virus (CoVs). The aim is to present current research from the perspective of medicines to allow the rapid discovery of anti-nCoV agent.

Keywords: Zoonotic virus, Non-structural proteins, COVID-19.