GENETIC AND MOLECULAR BASIS OF TESTICULAR CANCER: A REVIEW

Shivani Singh, Sharique Ahmad* and Saeeda Wasim

ABSTRACT

Testicular canceroccur in male reproductive part testicles it produces sperm and sex hormones in comparison of other type of cancer this is a rare one. The 90% of testicular cancer starts in germ cell (cells which makes sperms). So the germ cell tumor of testicles are classified into seminomas and non-seminomas, both of them occurrence rate are equal few testicular cancer consist both non-seminomas and seminomas. The pathogenesis and differentiation associated with molecular mechanism of testicular cancer can be understood through their associated genes, chromosomal abnormalities and molecular mechanism for the development of cisplatin acquired resistance. The epigenetics is also a important factor for testicular cancer it inherit the genetic factors which do not depends on genetic sequence variation but associated with expression and regulation of genes through methylation, modification of DNA protein histone. The studies associated with testicular cancer had shown that tumor cells DNA exhibit hypomethylation in comparison to normal cells. The molecular mechanism associated with cisplastin resistance and sensitivity is also explained.

Keywords: Testicular cancer, Sex hormones, Seminoma, Genetics, Epigenetics.