EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical, Medical & Biological Sciences

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

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 ISSN 2394-3211

Impact Factor: 7.065

 ICV - 79.57

Abstract

LEVELS OF ENDOSULFAN AND O,P’-DICHLORODIPHENYLTRICHLOROETHANE RESIDUES IN CLARIAS GARIEPINUS, WATER AND SEDIMENT FROM SOME CREEKS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Anietie Peter Effiong, Emmanuel Iweh Etim, Stella Folajole Usifoh and *Cyril Odianose Usifoh

ABSTRACT

Fish samples (Clarias gariepinus) from five fishery sites in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were studied. Extraction of the pesticides from the fish was carried out followed by purification in a column conditioned with n-hexane and dichloromethane as mobile phase. The extract was then analyzed with GC-MS. The result displayed that the highest mean residual concentration of endosulfan occurred in fresh fish obtained from Ifiayong Esuk (0.021± 0.071 x 10-2 mg/kg), smoked-dried fish from Ayadehe (0.016 ± 0.000 x 10-2 mg/kg), water from Ifiayong Esuk (0.530± 0.000 x 10-2 mg/kg) and sediment from Issiet Creek (0.922 ± 0.000 x 10-2 mg/kg). All the values were statistically significant (p-value <0.05) compared to the reference value. The mean residual concentration of o,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (o,p’-DDT) detected in sediment from Ibeno Creek was 0.005± 0.007 x 10-2 mg/kg. The health risk estimation (hazard quotient) of endosulfan residues in fresh and smoked-dried fish samples were lower than the US Environmental Protection Agency’s chronic reference concentration of 0.006 mg/kg day and the toxicity threshold limit of 1.00. From the results of this work, the aquatic and terrestrial environments under study contained endosulfan and o,p’-DDT and these chemicals may induce lethal or sublethal effects on Clarias gariepinus.

Keywords: Pesticides, Toxicity, Pollution, Catfish, Water, Sediment, GC-MS.


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Google Scholar Indian Science Publications InfoBase Index (In Process) SOCOLAR, China Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN International Society for Research activity (ISRA) Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) Polish Scholarly Bibliography Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) Universal Impact Factor International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE Index Copernicus CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) UDLedge Science Citation Index CiteFactor Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) Indian citation Index (ICI) Journal Index (JI, Under Process) Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) Open Access Journals (Under Process) Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) Cosmos Impact Factor Jour Informatics (Under Process) Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) Web of Science Group (Under Process) Directory of Research Journals Indexing Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) Scope Database Academia