MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBAPENEMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERICEAE DOMINANCE OF BLAOXA-48 AND BLAKPC PRODUCERS IN KHARTOUM, SUDAN

Ahmed M. Elsadig*, Mohammed A. Hammad, Salahaldeen H. Dahawi, Dr Mohammed Ahmed Abd Allah, Hisham N. Altayb

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Carbapenemase producing bacteria represent a challenging problem for health care providers, particularly in acute-care and long-term-care facilities and more in community- acquired infections. In contrast to other Enterobacteriaceae (e.g., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter, which are major nosocomial pathogens affecting debilitated and immunocompromised patients, carbapenem resistance is still very rare in non-typhoidal salmonella serovars. Methods: 101 enterobacteriaceae clinical isolate were collected at different hospitals and 8 food handlers’ clinical samples were received from central laboratory management in Khartoum State. Identification of the isolates was done by using conventional biochemical methods, and antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done according to CLSI guidelines. Isolates were then tested for the presence of carbapenemase encoding genes using multiplex PCR with specific primers for the detection of OXA-48 and KPC genes. Result: Out of the 109 isolates Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. demonstrated the majority with 43 % and 35.7 % respectively. Carbapenem resistance was demonstrated in 31 (28%) of the isolates. The presences of OXA-48 and KPC genes was confirmed in 40/109 (29%) of the isolates. Conclusion: The study concluded the evidence of the presence of the KPC and OXA-48 genes, further studies and a regular monitoring system for early detection of Carbapenemase-producing organisms are recommended with continuous surveillance of resistance to these ―last resort‖ antibiotics.

Keywords: Carbapenem resistant enterobacteriaceae, carbapenemase producing enterobacteriaceae, KPC, OXA, multiplex.