UNDERSTANDING PRE-DIABETES? WHAT ARE THE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA AND WHAT IS THE CURRENT CONSENSUS OF MANAGING PRE-DIABETES?

Dr. Muhammad Iqbal*

ABSTRACT

The World Health Organization (1999) defined Diabetes Mellitus (DM) as “a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both”.[2] Diabetes is commonly associated with obesity, physical inactivity, raised blood pressure, disturbed blood lipid levels and a tendency to develop thrombosis, and therefore is recognised to have an increased cardiovascular risk. It is associated with long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications, together with reduced quality of life and life expectancy. Globally, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been high and is rising across all world regions. Some 425 million people worldwide aged 20-79 years, are estimated to have diabetes. By 2045, 693 million people 18-99 years old, or 629 million of people 20-79 years, will have diabetes. (International Diabetes Federation).[4] It is important to understand the condition of pre-diabetes. The aim of this article to increase awareness about pre-diabetes and the need for timely intervention. As most people with prediabetes have no symptoms or not bothered at all.

Keywords: IDF – International Diabetes Federation, WHO – World Health Organisation, IGT - Impaired glucose tolerance, IGF- Impaired fasting glucose, OGTT- Oral glucose tolerance test, FPG- Fasting plasma glucose, ADA- American Diabetes Association, HDL- High Densit