STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE IN PREECLAMPSIA - RISK FACTOR FOR FUTURE MATERNAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Sudeshna Sil* and Dipanjan Rakshit

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a multi-system disorder of unknown etiology characterised by the development of hypertension of 140/90mmHg or more with proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in previously normotensive and non-proteinuric patients. It is a common complication of pregnancy, causing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Disorders of the lipoprotein metabolism are a major cause of endothelial dysfunction that may result in hypertension and proteinuria, the clinical hallmarks of preeclampsia. Epidemiological studies demonstrate a relation between preeclampsia and increased risk of maternal cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To study the alteration of lipid profile in preeclampsia and to compare the cardiovascular risk ratios of preeclamptic women with normal pregnant women. Methodology: Case control study comprising 30 preeclampsia patients as cases and 30 age matched normal primigravida women in third trimester as controls were taken from ESI Hospital Maniktala Kolkata. Blood pressure was measured and serum lipid profile was estimated and the cardiovascular risk ratios were calculated and statistically analysed. Results and Conclusion: The systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the cases are significantly elevated than controls. Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL and VLDL are significantly increased and HDL significantly decreased in cases as compared to the control group. The risk ratios TC/HDL, TGL/HDL, LDL/HDL are significantly increased and HDL/VLDL significantly decreased as compare to the control group.

Keywords: Preeclampsia, Proteinuria, Cardiovascular diseases, Lipid Profile.