PANCYTOPENIA: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICO-PATHOLOGIACL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE JAMMU

*Roopali J., Mehnaz C. and Singh K.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pancytopenia is defined as a triad of findings that result from decrease in hemoglobin <10gm/dl (anemia), white blood cell count <4000/mm3 (leucopenia) and platelet count <100,000/mm3 (thrombocytopenia). The present study was carried out in patients diagnosed with pancytopenia visiting to our hospital in order to find the incidence of various etiological factors with clinical details, hematological findings and bone marrow (BM) aspiration whenever possible. Method and Material: The present prospective study was undertaken for a period of 1 years, from September 2017 to September 2018, at Postgraduate Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Jammu, India. Patients of all age groups and both sexes were included. Bone marrow aspiration was subsequently carried out under aseptic precaution after obtaining written consent from the patient or guardian. Patients on chemotherapy and immunosuppressive treatment were excluded. Results: Out of 79 cases 43 were females and 36 were males. The age varied from (1.5-83) years. The major presentation of the patients with pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia. The most common clinical symptom was generalised weakness. Conclusion: Pancytopenia is most common hematological condition in routine clinical practice. Therefore, the clinical findings and the hematological analysis along with bone marrow aspiration examination are very important for an early diagnosis as most of the causes are treatable and an early intervention can be taken which in return decreases the burden on the patient and enhance the survival rate.

Keywords: Pancytopenia, Haemoglobin, Total leucocyte count, Platelet.