EFFICACY OF CURCUMIN ON SUNSET YELLOW AND TARTRAZINE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN THE CHICK EMBRYO Gallus domesticus.

Hend T. El-Borm*, Gamal M. Badawy, Sobhy H. El-Nabi, Wessam A. El-Sherif, Marwa N. Atallah

ABSTRACT

Coloring agents have been reported to exert deleterious effects on human health and oxidative stress plays a key role in synthetic color induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The present study focused on evaluating histopathological and immune-histochemical effects of two of the most widely used synthetic food coloring agents and the ameliorative role of curcumin (Cur) against this effects. Fertilized eggs were administrated sunset yellow (SY) (1.575mg/egg) and tartrazine (Tz) (0.375mg/egg) with or without Cur (3mg/egg) during organogenesis of developing chick embryo at a dose equivalent to 14 times the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for synthetic colorants SY and Tz. At the histological level, the liver of embryos of SY and Tz groups displayed diffuse vacuolar degeneration in hepatic parenchyma and the portal area showed sever changes. The kidney showed degenerated tubules at cortex with leucocytes inflammatory cells infiltration. In addition, perivascular edema and hyalinized cell lining the proximal tubules were seen. In regarding, the immune-histochemical level expression of Caspase-3 in cytoplasm of hepatocytes and renal convoluted tubules increased in both groups SY and Tz. Co-administration of Cur, as an antioxidant agent, with SY and Tz showed ameliorative effect in all investigated parameters.

Keywords: Chick embryo, Sunset yellow, Tartrazine, Curcumin, Liver, Kidney, Apoptosis.