EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical, Medical & Biological Sciences

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research (EJPMR) has indexed with various reputed international bodies like : Google Scholar , Indian Science Publications , InfoBase Index (In Process) , SOCOLAR, China , Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN , International Society for Research activity (ISRA) , Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) , Polish Scholarly Bibliography , Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) , Universal Impact Factor , International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE  , Index Copernicus , CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) , Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) , UDLedge Science Citation Index , CiteFactor , Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) , Indian citation Index (ICI) , Journal Index (JI, Under Process) , Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) , Open Access Journals (Under Process) , Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) , Cosmos Impact Factor , Jour Informatics (Under Process) , Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) , International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) , Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates , Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) , IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) , Web of Science Group (Under Process) , Directory of Research Journals Indexing , Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) , International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) , Scope Database , Academia , 

 ISSN 2394-3211

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Abstract

SWINE FLU - PAST AND A CONCERN FOR FUTURE

Dr. Anil M. Mane*

ABSTRACT

Influenza viruses are viruses which cause mild to severe respiratory infections. They belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae and are classified into three types, A, B, and C, based on the variation in the structure of their surface proteins. Influenza A infects many mammals and aquatic birds and is the most common and the most severe pathogen among the three types. Influenza B is almost exclusively a human pathogen, whereas Influenza C causes milder disease and is less common than the other types. Influenza A viruses are further classified into subtypes based on the surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin (1-16 subtypes of HA) and neuraminidase (1-9 subtypes of NA). At a given time, the most common subtypes circulating in' human populations are H1N1 and H3N2. The last century witnessed three Influenza pandemics - the Spanish Flu caused by H1N1 (1918-1920), the Asian Flu caused by H2N2 (1957-1958), and the Hong Kong Flu caused by H3N2 (1968-1969). The first pandemic of the present century was caused by the 2009 H1N1 Influenza A virus, also known as HINlpdm of the H1N1 subtype. This virus was formerly also known as swine flu as it contains a unique combination of gene segments from human, avian, and segments from the so-called triple reassortant swine viruses that emerged in North American pig populations in the late 1990s. No major Influenza virus activity was reported in pigs when the outbreak was recognized in humans, however, pigs can be experimentally and naturally infected with 2009 H1N1 viruses, resulting in mild respiratory infection.

Keywords: .


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Google Scholar Indian Science Publications InfoBase Index (In Process) SOCOLAR, China Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN International Society for Research activity (ISRA) Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) Polish Scholarly Bibliography Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) Universal Impact Factor International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE Index Copernicus CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) UDLedge Science Citation Index CiteFactor Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) Indian citation Index (ICI) Journal Index (JI, Under Process) Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) Open Access Journals (Under Process) Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) Cosmos Impact Factor Jour Informatics (Under Process) Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) Web of Science Group (Under Process) Directory of Research Journals Indexing Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) Scope Database Academia

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