CLINICAL PROFILE OF OCULAR BLUNT TRAUMA

Dr. Akshay Uday Nayak* and Dr. P. Santosh

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To study clinical profile of blunt trauma to the eye and its consequences and to analyse the role of OTS in predicting final visual acuity. Methods and Materials: A prospective observational study was conducted on blunt ocular trauma patients attending the casualty and OPD of a tertiary care hospital. A detailed history and ophthalmological examination along with ultrasound B scan , X ray orbit, CT/MRI brain and orbit, visual evoked potential was done in relevant cases. Results: We studied 109 eyes of 100 patients with blunt trauma, majority were males (79%) in the age group 20-30 years. Injury was mainly due to road traffic accidents (55%). Blunt trauma mainly involved the anterior segment of the eye, periorbital and superficial ocular structures in 76.6%, cornea 16.8%, iris 9.2%, pupil 42.2%, hyphema 6.4%, lens 8.2%. Posterior segment involvement included vitreous haemorrhage in 4,5%, macular oedema in 5.5%, retinal detachment in 2.8%, traumatic optic neuropathy in 13.7%. Cranial nerves (3rd, 4th, 6th, 7th) were involved in 25 eyes. Initial visual acuity was >=6/12 in 60.6% of patients, visual acuity <6/60 was noted in 22.9% of patients. A significant correlation was found between the final vision of patients in our study and the estimated probability of visual outcome of the OTS study. Conclusion: Blunt ocular trauma is of high risk in age group of 20-40 years, especially males, most common mode of injury being vehicular accidents. OTS study helps to aid in providing information about prognosis.

Keywords: Blunt trauma, ocular injury, ocular trauma score, road traffic accidents, traumatic optic neuropathy, visual acuity.