DEVELOPMENT OF A PASSPORT OF SENSITIZATION OF THE STUDENT - THE MAIN TASK OF PREVENTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASTHMA

*Dzhambekova G. S.

ABSTRACT

Molecular allergy diagnosis allows to identify sensitization to a large range of respiratory allergens, which is important in the diagnosis of allergic asthma. Based on the reactive IgE profile detected at an early age, it is possible to predict the development of allergic respiratory diseases even at the preclinical stage. The goal of the pilot project was to create a student's passport sensitization using a multiplex panel to be able to identify groups at risk for the development of asthma in children of early school age. Children's sera were tested for the presence of IgE to various allergenic molecules using the MeDALL research allergy. 30% of children were sensitized to at least one allergen. In total, 68 of the 176 allergenic molecules located on the MeDALL microchip were recognized. 80% of sensitized children had a genuine polysensitization to 3 or more major allergens. In 18% of children, IgE to household molecules of the risk of developing asthma, such as Alta1, Blag1, Blag 2, Canf1, Feld 1, were detected. In general, clinical manifestations in the form of wheezing and obstruction were detected in 60% of sensitized children, but only 40% of these children consulted or were under the supervision of an allergist before or received symptomatic treatment. In 20% of already sensitized children, clinical symptoms were absent. Molecular testing of the profile of IgE sensitization and the creation of an allergic passport allows us to identify a group of children at risk for developing asthma. This information can be used to assign specific immunotherapy and secondary prevention of asthma in the early school years.

Keywords: Allergy, passport sensitization, prevention of bronchial asthma, childhood, sensitization, allergen, molecular allergy diagnostics.