EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical, Medical & Biological Sciences

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

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 ISSN 2394-3211

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Abstract

ANKLE BRACHIAL PRESSURE INDEX AS AN INDICATOR OF RENAL FUNCTION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

Nandu Krishnan J., Selvarajan Chettiar K. P.*, Rakul Nambiar K. and Harish Sugathan

ABSTRACT

Background: Ankle brachial pressure index (ABI) is a simple and effective way to diagnose peripheral artery disease (PAD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients to predict the cardiovascular morbidity and outcomes in them. Objective: ABI of CKD patients were recorded to find out if it could independently be used as an indicator of renal function and assess its relationship across increasing CKD stage severity. Study design: An observational cross sectional study based on a sample population of 100 CKD patients of stages 3-5 was performed. The demographic details were obtained using proforma and ABI calculated with the help of Doppler ultrasound and results were analysed using SPSS software. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables while independent ttest for continuous variables and multivariate forward logistic regression analysis to identify the independent determinant factors of low ABI. Results: ABI was <= 0.9 in 69% of the patients and 31 % had normal ABI > 0.9. A low ABI and low GFR correlated significantly (p value < 0.001) with increasing CKD stage severity along with other renal function parameters like urea, creatinine, uric acid, urine PC ratio, calcium, phosphorus and cholesterol. Unlike many studies ABI did not correlate well with diabetic status of the patients in my study while hypertension did. Conclusion: ABI being a marker of systemic atherosclerosis and vascular calcification can predict cardiovascular outcomes, and feasibility of vascular access and or failure of them in CKD patients while identifying those at high risk of progression to ESRD.

Keywords: Ankle brachial pressure index (ABI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), Peripheral artery disease (PAD).


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Google Scholar Indian Science Publications InfoBase Index (In Process) SOCOLAR, China Research Bible, Fuchu, Tokyo. JAPAN International Society for Research activity (ISRA) Scientific Indexing Services (SIS) Polish Scholarly Bibliography Global Impact Factor (GIF) (Under Process) Universal Impact Factor International Scientific Indexing (ISI), UAE Index Copernicus CAS (A Division of American Chemical Society) USA (Under Process) Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ, Sweden, in process) UDLedge Science Citation Index CiteFactor Directory Of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI) Indian citation Index (ICI) Journal Index (JI, Under Process) Directory of abstract indexing for Journals (DAIJ) Open Access Journals (Under Process) Impact Factor Services For International Journals (IFSIJ) Cosmos Impact Factor Jour Informatics (Under Process) Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI) International Innovative Journal Impact Factor (IIJIF) Science Library Index, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Pubmed Database [NLM ID: 101669306] (Under Process) IP Indexing (IP Value 2.40) Web of Science Group (Under Process) Directory of Research Journals Indexing Scholar Article Journal Index (SAJI) International Scientific Indexing ( ISI ) Scope Database Academia