EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CYPERUS ESCULENTUS (TIGER NUT) ON SOME LIVER FUNCTION PARAMETERS USING ALBINO WISTAR RATS

Akpojotor Peter*, Njoku Bestman and Kyrian Uchenna Nwoke

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the effects of ethanolic extract of Cyperus esculentus on some liver function parameters. Thirty six albino wistar rats weighing between 180g and 220g were randomly grouped into three (two test groups and a control group) of 12 rats each. After two weeks of acclimatization, Groups 2 and 3 (test groups) were orally administered with 800mg/kg and 400mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus esculentus respectively for twenty eight days while group 1 (control group). Were allowed asses to water and feed. After every seven days of extract administration, three rats from each group were sacrificed and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis of some liver enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum total protein and serum albumin). Livers of the sacrificed animals were also harvested for histological studies. Data obtained from the study were analyzed statistically. Result showed a dose dependent significant (P<0.05) increase in serum concentration of ALT and ALP. Serum concentration of total protein, albumin and AST were not overtly affected. The histological study of the harvested liver showed hepatocytes degeneration and periportal inflammations indicating alteration in the normal physiological status of the liver. Findings from this study showed that the extract could be unhealthy to the liver; hence care should be taken when consuming the fruit.

Keywords: Cyperus esculentus, liver enzymes, hepatocytes and inflammation.