A CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL STUDY AND MANAGEMENT OF HEAD INJURY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SEVERE HEAD INJURIES

Uday Gupta, Rangeel Singh Raina* and Sona Kaushal Bharti

ABSTRACT

Background: Trauma is the leading cause of death of people from one to forty four (44) years of age and Traumatic brain injury is the main determinant of morbidity, disability and mortality in such patient. Aims and objective: To study the incidences, etiological factors and clinical presentation and neurologically assessment of severe head injuries patient. Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out on the admitted patients of head injury and was followed up to 6 months after discharge. Results: Males are more prone for head injury with more frequent in (54.6%) in 20-40 years age group mainly due to road traffic accident. Among road traffic accidents two wheeler accident (56.2%) was the predominant mode of trauma in head injury patients and most of the patients were not wearing helmets (82.2%). CSF otorrhoea (20.1%) was more common than CSF rhinorrhoea (8.4%). History of unconsciousness (62.2%) was the most clinical finding in patient followed by vomiting (37.8%), ENT bleed (26.1%) and convulsions (8.4%). Incidence of GCS 3-8 was seen in 26.9 cases and between 9-12 was seen in 27.7% cases, whereas 13-15 score was seen in 45.4% cases. Mortality & morbidity in head injury patients has inverse relationship with GCS score. Conclusion: Head injuries are more common in Males of 20-40 years age group with road traffic accident as the predominant mode of trauma. However immediate intervention and proper post operative care and dedicated efforts improve mortality and morbidity.

Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, Glasgow Coma Scale, intracranial pressure, hemiparesis.