TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN IN TOAMASINA MADAGASCAR
Arthur Bien Aimé Ratsimbazafy, Andry Maharo Andrianarivelo*, Todisoa Andriatahiana, Stéphan Hery, Norotiana Rabesandratana
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by a germ called Mycobacterium tuberculosis or “Kock
Bacillus (KB)”.[1] Tuberculosis is one of the illnesses caused by a unique deadliest infectious agent in the world. A
goal of this work was to describe the epidemiology of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) and non-pulmonary
tuberculosis (NPT) in children. It is a descriptive and retrospective study concerning the cases of tuberculosis
observed in 3 Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of the town of Toamasina Madagascar. The study has been done
in a period of 24 months from January 2014 to December 2015. All the children from 0 to 15 years old having been
objected of request of tuberculosis research were included. We have compiled 153 cases of tuberculosis that 14
cases of pulmonary and non-pulmonary tuberculosis associated. We have recovered 101 cases of pulmonary
tuberculosis (66.01%) in which 41 children pulmonary tuberculosis on positive microscopy, 46 children pulmonary
tuberculosis on negative microscopy, 5 cases of pleura localization and 9 cases of miliary. The average year of
tuberculosis children were 6.81. Sixty six cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis (33.99%) have been diagnosed.
Among the NPT, ganglionnary tuberculosis was the most common in 27 cases (40.91%). The AFB sputum
represents the most common means of diagnosis in 41 cases (26.80%). Most of the children (115) struck by
tuberculosis were malnourished (75.16%) with p<0.05. The tuberculosis profile in infant in Toamasina is not in
much important way different from the data of the literature except in the level of type that we noted a female
predominance. Infant tuberculosis is still of actuality, reaching all ages especially in developing country.
Malnutrition is obvious in here which is a social problem to which global and radical solution must be imposed.
Keywords: Tuberculosis - Children - Epidemiology – Toamasina.
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