A PILOT STUDY ON EFFICACY OF METFORMIN AND INSULIN ON NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Anand A. S., Liya Kuriakose, Shabina M., Akhila T. S. and Nithin Manohar R.*

ABSTRACT

Background: Pregnancy is a potentially glucose intolerant condition and in all pregnancies insulin sensitivity decreases as pregnancy advances. This predisposes to development of gestational diabetes mellitus. AIM: Aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of Metformin and insulin on neonatal outcomes in GDM patients. Objective: To study and compare the difference in efficacy of Metformin and insulin on neonatal outcomes. Materials and method: It is a prospective observational study in which the sample size is divided into 2 groups. One receving Metformin and other Insulin. Optimum glycemic control between the two groups are studied along with maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results: Glycemic control of both the groups were 95%.Majority of insulin group(60%) have pre term delivery while majority of metformin group have normal delivery(85%). Neonatl hyperbilirubinemia was higher in insulin group(60%) than in metformin group(35%). Discussion: Through our study, it was found maternal glycemic control and most of the neonatal outcomes (birth weight, APGAR score) were comparable between two groups. Neonatal huperbilirubinemia and gestational age of delivery were having significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: Metformin is found to be as effective as Insulin in the treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Compared to Insulin, Metformin is a safer, cheap and convenient first line drug of choice for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Keywords: Gestational Diabetes mellitus (GDM), Metformin, Insulin.