GENES AND CELL SIGNALLING IN PROSTATE CANCER: A REVIEW
Gregory Elayeche Oko*, Emmanuel Paul Okoi, Maryam Ammani Lawal, Khuyen Thi Kim Vo, Margaret Akpana Odey and Trung Minh Dao
ABSTRACT
Cancer is a genetic disease linked with alteration or mutation of gene with multistep process for tumor development. The prostate cancer is globally rated as the second most common cancer. Typically, cancer occurs due to smoking and infectious diseases as well as chemicals and radiation. In this review we examine the function of various molecular and epigenetic genes associated with prostate cancer. An online search of current and past peer reviewed literature on cancer with emphasis on prostate was performed. We also discuss the functionality of the gland of prostate carryout by cell signalling. In conclusion, the various genes with diverse role at specific loci involved in prostate cancer are either overexpressed, down-regulated or inactivated at initiation stage or progression to metastasis with some being targeted for therapeutic purpose.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, TMPRSS2 gene, GSTP1 gene, androgen receptor signalling.
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