CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND BIOTA OF STREAM BAN GANGA, KATRA (J&K) OVER THE PERIOD OF 22 YEARS (1994-2015)

Arti Sharma and *Aarti Devi

ABSTRACT

The present studies were undertaken to analyse the changes in the water quality of Ban Ganga stream over the period of 22 years (1994-2015) with special reference to its physico-chemical parameters and macrobenthic invertebrate fauna. Some of the physico-chemical parameters such as pH, chlorides, FCO2, bicarbonates, calcium, magnesium and nitrates showed significant increment in their values with the passage of time whereas decrease in the values of DO, speed and sulphates have been recorded. Station wise composition, distribution and numerical abundance of macrobenthic invertebrates clearly reflect that the pollution load in this stream has increased to a greater extent which is the direct outcome of increased pilgrimage load. Thus, the tourism activities must be regulated for the restoration and conservation of this religiously celebrated stream.

Keywords: The present studies were undertaken to analyse the changes in the water quality of Ban Ganga stream over the period of 22 years (1994-2015) with special reference to its physico-chemical parameters and macrobenthic invertebrate fauna. Some of the physico-