ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN AND COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY

Arul B.*, Rangabashyam S. R., Kothai R., Sherin Roy, Sruthy Jose, Swathy Unnithan and Vidhya Lakshmi V.

ABSTRACT

The present study is aimed to analyse the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of microorganisms, to study the antibiotic usage pattern and to conduct a cost effectiveness analysis for the antibiotics prescribed in a tertiary care teaching hospital. This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in various departments of the hospital for a period of 6 months. The study was conducted in three phases and total of 200 cases were documented and analysed. It was found that S.aureus was the major organism isolated in 39% of the isolated specimen, followed by E.coli (36%), Pseudomonas sps (7%), Enterococci (5%), K.pneumoniae (5%), M.tuberculi (3%), S.pyogenes (2%), MRSA (2%), S.typhi (1%). The sensitivity pattern data of the collected organism revealed that S.aureus was highly sensitive to ceftriaxone (41.02%) followed by E.coli to cefotaxime (33.33%), Pseudomonas to ceftriaxone (42.85%) Enterococci to amoxicillin (100%), K.pneumoniae to amoxicillin (60%) and S.Pyogenes to ceftriaxone (66.67%). The most common disease for which antibiotics were prescribed was fever with 20.5% (41 patients). Amoxicillin (38.5%) was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic followed by cefotaxime (23%), ceftriaxone (20.65%). In the cost effectiveness analysis it revealed that amoxicillin was the most cost effective antibiotic with a low cost effectiveness ratio for various diseases. Continuous surveillance of susceptibility testing is necessary for cost effective customisation of empiric antibiotic therapy. Furthermore reliable statistics on antibiotic resistance and policies should be made available.

Keywords: Antibiotics, cost effectiveness analysis, prescribing pattern, sensitivity.