UPDATE ON PESTICIDES EXPOSURE AND PARKINSON’S DISEASE. A REVIEW

Sharique A. Ali* and Zeba Khan

ABSTRACT

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the common neurodegenerative disability characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. Number of genetic and environmental factors have been associated in the pathogenesis of PD. Single risk factors related to PD are likely to put forth relatively minor effects, whereas their mixed interaction may prove to be sufficient to cause PD. In the present review we summarize current knowledge from in-vitro cellular association studies regarding the interaction between expression of different proteins and different pesticides exposure in the risk of PD along with the reported neuroprotective agents considered for clinical trial to cure PD. A number of intra-cellular studies have investigated joint effects between manipulation of proteins and pesticides on PD risk. These studies have provided evidence that perturbation on the expression of proteins either in metabolism, elimination and transport of pesticides or in the extent of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuronal loss in-vitro as well as in-vivo leads to PD. These findings confirm the importance of considering pesticide-protein interactions in future studies in order to gain a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of PD.

Keywords: Parkinson’s Disease, Proteins, ?-Synuclein, Cellular Interaction, Pesticides, In-Vitro, Risk, Toxins.