EVALUATION OF APHRODISIAC POTENTIAL OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GARCINIA KOLA SEED IN MALE RODENTS

Essien Grace Emmanuel, Effiong Grace Sylvester* and Nwafor Paul Alozie

ABSTRACT

Dysfunctional erectile is a common sexual disorder among the male folk. Garcinia kola seed is being utilized by the folklore for treating erectile dysfunction disorder. Investigation was carried out to ascertain the acute toxicity of Garcinia kola seed and the behavior of male Albino Wistar rats sexually, using the methanol extract. Result shows the median lethal dose (LD50) to be 1000±0.66 mg/kg. Extract administration (100 mg/kg–300 mg/kg) altered significantly the various sexual behaviours in the experiment. There were significant decreases (p< 0.01-p<0.001) in mount (100mg/kg=21.55±0.04 (s), 200 mg/kg=10.02±0.68 (s) & 300 mg/kg = 4.02±0.17 (s) and intromission latencies (100 mg/kg=22.44±0.50 (s), 200 mg/kg=17.36±0. 28 (s) & 300 mg/kg=9.51±0.36 (s) respectively in comparison with controls (mount latency; 25.45±0.25 (s), intromission latency = 45.16±0.17(s), with corresponding increases in mount (100 mg/kg=32.50±0.22(MF), 200 mg/kg=36.00±1.39(MF), 30 0mg/kg = 39.33±0.46 (MF); and intromission (100 mg/kg=30.00±0.60(EF), 200 mg/kg=34.16±0.32(EF), 300 mg/kg=34.16±0.28(EF) frequencies respectively compared with the controls (mount frequency = 23.80±1.45(MF) & intromission frequency = 20.00±1.05(EF). The 300 mg/kg extract portrays a similar significant decreasing effect on mount and intromission latency with the standard drug (mount latency=3.90±0.55(s); intromission latency=3.60±0.55(s). Similarly, the effect of the higher doses on mount and intromission frequencies were significantly increased almost as that of the standard drug (mount frequency=39.50±1 .03(MF) and intromission frequency=35.87±1.02 (EF). Contrary, there was increase in ejaculation latency (100 mg/kg=2.00±0.06(s), 200 mg/kg1.88±0.11(s)=, 300 mg/kg=1 .55±0.39(s) and decrease in ejaculation frequency (100 mg/kg=27.01±1.28(EF), 200 mg/kg=31.00±0.67(EF), 300 mg/kg=32.00±0.82(EF) respectively compared with the controls(ejaculation latency=1.21±0.04(s), ejaculation frequency=35.00±1.04(EF). These also were similar with the effect produced by the standard drug (ejaculation latency=1.21±0.04(s), ejaculation frequency=35.00±1.04 (EF). The combination of 200 mg/kg G. kola extract with testosterone (standard drug) produced more efficacies (2.81±0.31, 3.40±0.39, 1.18±0.30, 7.84±0.18, 41.72±0.45, 38.22±0.78 and 35.00±0.24 for their Mount Latency ml(s), Intromission Latency ll(s), Ejaculation Latency EL (s), Penile Erection (PE), Mount Frequency (MF), Intromission Frequency (EF) and Ejaculation Frequency (EF) respectively compared with administration of the standard drug alone. Conclusively, these findings agree with the folkloric reports that G. kola seeds are used as aphrodisiacs in men and may be a rationale for an erectile dysfunction drug origin.

Keywords: Erectile Dysfunction, Garcinia Kola Seeds, Acute Toxicity, Sexual Behavior, Aphrodisiac.