BONE MARROW ASPIRATION: A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN UNDERSTANDING THE BROAD- SPECTRUM OF HEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS: A 15-YEAR STUDY

Jehan Nizam Ansari*, Abhishek Baravkar, Rohan Vinayak Joshi, Dr Aditi Pandey, Dr Sanjyot Nikam Rajendra and Iqbal Banyameen

ABSTRACT

Aims: Hematological disorders have various trends of presentation that usually demands bone marrow examination to reach definite diagnosis and further management. Anemia is the commonest hematological disorder. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence of various hematological disorders. Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective study carried out at teaching medical college and hospital in western Maharashtra, over a period of fifteen years. (January 2002 - March 2017). Bone marrow examination of 2022 cases was carried out. All the details of the patients were obtained from the record in the department of pathology. Results: Out of 2022 cases of bone marrow aspiration, 59.55% of males and 40.45% females and normal cellularity in 8.902%, Megaloblastic anemia in 27.942% cases, microcytic anemia in 23.244% cases, dimorphic pattern in 31.552%. There were 1.285% cases of malarial parasite on BMA analysis. Aplastic/hypoplastic marrow 4 cases. Only single case of Non- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma was seen as well polycythemia Vera and Sickle cell disease. Acute Myeloid leukemia in 0.840%, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 0.445% cases. Chronic myeloid leukemia in 0.494% while chronic leukamoid leukemia was infrequent. Multiple myeloma in 0.544% cases. Conclusion: Bone marrow examination plays a vital role in understanding and diagnosing variety of hematological disorders and non-hematological disorders.

Keywords: Bone marrow examination, diagnostic role, hematological disorders.