DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF FLAVONOID COMPOUND ISOLATED FROM GMELINA ARBOREA FRUITS EXTRACT

Bhabani Shankar Nayak*, P. Ellaiah, Subas Chandra Dinda, Bibhu Prasad Moharana, Manasi Khadanga and Sarala Nayak

ABSTRACT

Background: The plant Gmelina arborea has been traditionally used in India for several medicinal purposes like anthelmintic, diuretic, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antidiabetic. It contains phytoconstituents like alkaloids, carbohydrates, anthraquinone glycosides, gums, mucilages, tannins, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Aims: The objective of present study is to isolate a compound from ethanolic extract of G. arborea and to explore the diuretic activity of isolated compound. Material and methods: The isolation of compound was done by column and thin layer chromatographic methods. The isolated compound was characterized to elucidate its structure by spectroscopic methods like ultraviolet, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. The diuretic activity of isolated compound was evaluated by Lipschitz test methods using Wistar rats as animal model. Statistical analysis used: All data are verified for statistically significant by using one way ANOVA at 5 % level of significance (p < 0.05). Results: A flavonoidal compound was isolated as yellow color crystal with melting point 177±1 °C with molecular formula C16H15O5 and IUPAC name 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy flavone. Urine volume was significantly increased in comparison to normal and standard control groups. The excretion of sodium was also increased by the compound. The diuretic effect of the compound was comparable to that of the reference standard (Furosemide). Conclusion: It could be concluded that the isolated compound is a flavonoid and it possess diuretic activity.

Keywords: Gmelina arborea, Flavonoid, Diuretic, Lipschitz.