BACTERIAL CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (UTIs) AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN KHARTOUM, SUDAN

Yagoub Hamadt Allah Elhaj Abd Elseed and Mohamed. AE.M. Ibrahim*

ABSTRACT

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are amongst the most prevalent bacterial infections seen in clinical practice particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the etiological bacterial pathogens of the UTI and their sensitivity to antibiotics. Methodology: a cross sectional study carried out in Om Durman Islamic University microbiology laboratory, in Om Durman (Sudan) from March to May 2012, A total of 50 urine samples were collected and subjected to bacteriological identification tests and sensitivity tests. Results: Out of 50 urine samples 45 (90%) provided positive growth. Escherichia coli was the most common (31.1%) followed by Klebsiella spp (13.3%) ,Staphylococcus aureus (11.2%), Proteus spp and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (8.9%), Salmonellae spp
and Enterococcus faecalis (6.7%), Enterobacter and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.4%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Citrobacter(2.2%). The highest susceptible age to UTI was 41 -50 years (35%) followed by 31-40 (28%), 21-30 (18%), ˃50 years (14%) and 10-20 years (6%). More cases were observed in females except in age group ˃50 years. Norfloxacin had the least resistance followed by Ciprofloxacin, Cephalexin and Co-Timoxazole. E. coli found to be highly resistant to Cephalexin, Ciprofloxacin and Co-Trimoxazole(42.9%). Whilst Klebsiella spp showed highly resistance (100%) to Cephalexin. Whereas Staphylococcus auerus showed highest sensitivity (100%) to used antibiotics. Conclusion: The results show that the E.coli was the most frequent causative agent in UTIs and antimicrobial resistance patterns of the causes of UTI are highly variable and continuous surveillance of trends in resistance patterns of uropathogens is important. In conclusion; we suggest that empirical antibiotic selection should be based on knowledge of the local prevalence of bacterial organisms and antibiotic sensitivities rather than on universal or even national guidelines.

Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), Antibiotic Susceptibility, Anti Microbial agents, Bacteria, E.coli.