PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTENSTION- A REVIEW

S. Palani*, Nisha Mary Joseph, Edao Tesa Keliyo and Yonatan Tegene

ABSTRACT

This article reviews about the pathogenesis of hypertension. Blood pressure is a measure of the force that the circulating blood exerts on the walls of the main arteries. Hypertension is a chronic condition, increasing in developing and developed countries. Hypertension is mainly associated with alteration in people lifestyle in the modern world and the changing food habits. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Patients with hypertension should also target organ damage and cardiovascular disease including left ventricular hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, coronary revascularization, congestive heart failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack, peripheral arterial disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy. The higher the systolic or diastolic blood pressure, higher the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is one of the main pathogenesis of hypertension. Sympathetic nervous system and genetics also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

Keywords: Hypertension, Renin, Angiotensin, Aldosterone.