AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE OF CONGENITAL VASCULAR ANOMALIES: A REVIEW OF SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY (SUA)

Dr. Anjali Narwariya*, Assoc. Prof. (Dr.) Reetu Pandey, Dr. Pratiksha Godbole

ABSTRACT

Single Umbilical Artery (SUA) is one of the most common congenital umbilical cord abnormalities, characterized by the presence of a single artery instead of the normal two arteries. SUA may occur as an isolated finding or be associated with fetal growth restriction, congenital malformations, and adverse perinatal outcomes. While this condition is not directly described in Ayurvedic classics, its pathogenesis can be interpreted through Ayurvedic principles governing fetal development (Garbhavakranti and Garbha Vikriti). The condition was analyzed through the concepts of Beeja, Beejabhaga, Beejabhagavayava Dushti, maternal factors (Matrija Bhava), and disturbances of Vata Dosha during embryogenesis.From an Ayurvedic perspective, SUA may be considered a manifestation of Garbha Vikriti resulting from defects in Beeja or Beejabhaga, leading to abnormal organogenesis. Aggravated Vata Dosha, particularly during fetal development, may contribute to defective formation of fetal structures, including the umbilical vessels. Maternal dietary, lifestyle, and psychological factors causing Dosha Vaishamya can further influence fetal growth and development. The principles of Garbhini Paricharya and Garbha Sanskara emphasize preventive measures aimed at promoting healthy fetal development. Single Umbilical Artery can be conceptually understood in Ayurveda as a congenital developmental anomaly arising from disturbances in fetal formative factors and Dosha imbalance.

Keywords: Congenital Anomalies, Single Umbilical Artery, Two vessels Umbilical Cord, Garbhavakranti, Garbha Vikriti, Beeja, Beejabhaga.