SALICYLIC ACID IN DERMATOLOGY AND COSMETOLOGY FROM NATURAL ORIGIN: BENEFITS AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION

M. S. Kumudhapriya*, Dr. N. Nagavalli, Nandhagopal

ABSTRACT

Salicylic acid is a naturally occurring beta-hydroxy acid that has been used for many years in medical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields. It was originally found in willow bark and other plant sources. This acid has several beneficial properties like keratolytic, comedolytic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects, which make it a key treatment in dermatology and skincare. This review provides an overview of the historical background, sources, biosynthesis, chemical properties, mechanism of action, and various applications of salicylic acid. The review also discusses its use in the treatment of conditions such as acne, psoriasis, dandruff, hyperpigmentation, and other skin issues, as well as its role as a component in the production of aspirin. The article covers therapeutic indications, contraindications, side effects, and the common forms of salicylic acid used in treatment. Additionally, it summarizes various analytical methods, especially those based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), used to measure and assess the quality of salicylic acid. Due to its effectiveness, versatility, and well-established safety profile when used correctly, salicylic acid remains an important ingredient in modern pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Ongoing research is being conducted to enhance its delivery and improve its therapeutic results.

Keywords: Salicylic Acid, Pharmaceutical Applications, HPLC Analysis, Skin Exfoliation, Hyperpigmentation, Topical Formulations.