AN OVERVIEW OF BERBERIS ARISTATA: DRUG PROFILE, MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

*Shantanu Damodar Kale, Rutuja R. Shah, Nita Sid, Nikita Chuyekar, Sakshi Desai, Akshay Mane

ABSTRACT

Since ancient times, India’s indigenous medical system has incorporated herbal plants as a customary origin of medication. India is recognized for its vast collection of medicinal plants, one of which is Berberis aristata, a member of the Berberidaceae family, primarily thrives in the sub- Himalayan region area and the Nilgiri Mountains in Southern India. Berberis aristata is utilized as a traditional remedy in multiple communities for addressing eye issues, hemorrhoids, bone density loss, arthritis, skin ailments, malaria, diarrhea, high temperature, allergic reactions, eye inflammation, metabolic issues, and in menopausal stages. The vegetation includes multiple phytochemical compounds, primarily alkaloids such as berberine, oxyberberine, and berbamine, aromoline, karachine, palmatine, oxyacanthine, and taxilamine. Berberine, the primary alkaloid, exists in roots, stem bark, rhizomes, and foliage, with the greatest concentration found in the roots. The pharmacological characteristics of Berberis aristata have been noted, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, liver- protective, kidney-protective and enhanced reproductive well-being. This review seeks to emphasize the phytochemistry and pharmacological characteristics of Berberis aristata that will provide information on the plant's medicinal uses Although more comprehensive clinical trials and studies at the molecular level will be necessary to completely comprehend and verify these attributes.

Keywords: Trigonella foenum-graecum, fenugreek, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, antidiabetic, antioxidant, saponins, diosgenin, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, traditional uses, functional foods, nutraceuticals.