COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MANUAL AND FACAD DIGITAL CEPHALOMETRIC TRACING: AN ASSESSMENT OF AGREEMENT AND RELIABILITY

Ashutosh Sutar*

ABSTRACT

Since the introduction of cephalometrics by Broadbent in 1931, it has been vital in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as in monitoring treatment and growth changes.[2] Traditionally, cephalometric analysis has been performed by tracing radiographic landmarks on acetate overlays and measuring linear and angular variables. However, despite its widespread use in orthodontics, the technique is time-consuming and has several drawbacks, including a high risk of error in tracing, landmark identification, and measurement (Baumrind and Frantz, 1971b; Sandler, 1988). Cephalometric errors can be divided into those related to acquisition, identification, and technical measurement. Reproducibility of measurements by the operator is also a significant factor in determining the accuracy of any method of analysis. Recently, technological advances have made it possible to perform cephalometric tracing using computers. The use of computers in treatment planning is not only expected to decrease the incidence of individual error but also to provide standardized, fast, and accurate evaluation with a high rate of reproducibility.[5] Continuous technological advances in computing combined with scientific advances in dental radiology, resulted in the development of computer programs designed to perform cephalometric tracings and measurements, and different types of analysis.[6]

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