A REVIEW ON NEONATAL JAUNDICE

Saroj Kumari*, Raman Gupta, Dr. Jyoti Gupta, Shalu Dhiman, Yashsavi Bali

ABSTRACT

Neonatal jaundice is among the most common medical problems that babies in the neonatology department face. Basically, it is a condition that results from an excessive accumulation of bilirubin, which is a yellow pigment released by the breakdown of red blood cells in the baby's body. It has been reported that 60% of full-term and 80% of preterm neonates develop visible jaundice within the first week of their life (NeoReviews, 2020; Medscape, 2024). Typically, this condition is the result of normal physiological changes during the transition after birth, and it normally goes away without any treatment (StatPearls, 2023). However, some infants with jaundice may develop very high levels of bilirubin leading to pathological jaundice that necessitates immediate medical treatment (Hansen, 2021). The study of neonatal jaundice is important due to its paradoxical nature — it can either be a normal physiological process or a potentially fatal disorder based on its etiology and severity (IJHMR, 2024). Hence, gaining knowledge about its pathophysiology, identification, and treatment is essential for promoting infant health and minimizing disease and death.

Keywords: Neonantal Jaundance, Physiology, Biochemistry, Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis.