EMERGING PHARMACOTHERAPIES: TARGETING OXIDATIVE STRESS AND MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN SJOGREN’S SYNDROME

Srihari S.*, Kirubha D., Dhinakaran S., Vishal D., Prakash S., Balan P.

ABSTRACT

Sjogren’s syndrome is a chronic condition characterized by the immune system attacking the glands responsible for producing tears and saliva. Patients with Sjogren’s syndrome commonly experience persistent dry mouth and dry eyes. Sjogren’s syndrome does not just affect the gland that makes tears and saliva. It can encompass involvement of the joints, lungs, kidneys, nervous system, and hematologic system as well. This makes Sjogren’s syndrome is different, we do not know how Sjogren’s syndrome will progress in each person, with Sjogren’s syndrome. Doctors are trying to make people feel better by dealing with the symptoms of mouth and dry eyes. They use medicine that helps the system to take care of other issues. Sjogren’s syndrome is a disease. It is really tough to find something that works for every single person who has Sjogren’s syndrome.Conventional treatment with artificial tears and saliva and topical anti- inflammatory agents remain the mainstays in the symptomatic treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome. Our understanding of Sjögren’s syndrome, particularly the role of B-cells dysregulation, BAFF overexpression, interferon signaling and co-stimulatory pathways, has led to the development of biologic agents and small molecules targeted therapies. Herein, we review the established and emerging pharmacologic treatments for Sjogren’s syndrome, highlighting the efficacy, clinical indications, safety profiles, and future directions.

Keywords: Sjogren’s, autoimmune disease, biological therapy, dry eye, B-cell targeting.