INTEGRATING PHARMACOTHERAPY AND PATIENT CARE: A REVIEW OF GLIMEPIRIDE FROM A CLINICAL PHARMACY STANDPOINT

Mallidi S. S. A. S. Gayathri, Esampalli U. S. N. Vyshnavi, Garbhapu Mahima, Puli Swathi, D. Veerandra Kumar, Devanaboyina Narendra, Geddam Ratna Priya*

ABSTRACT

Glimepiride, a second-generation sulfonylurea, is widely prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to its effective glycemic control and favourable pharmacokinetic properties. It lowers blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion via pancreatic β-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channels and enhancing peripheral insulin sensitivity. Despite its efficacy, the drug poses risks of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including hypoglycemia, weight gain, and rare immune-mediated complications. This review explores glimepiride's pharmacology, ADR profile, mechanisms behind ADRs, risk factors, and the critical role of clinical pharmacists in optimising therapy through monitoring, patient education, and personalised care. Integrating these approaches maximises therapeutic benefit while minimising risks in T2DM management.

Keywords: Glimepiride; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Adverse drug reactions; Clinical pharmacy; Pharmacovigilance; Hypoglycemia.