PROGNOSTIC ROLE OF NEUTROPHIL–LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND TRIGLYCERIDE–GLUCOSE INDEX IN ASSESSING MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION SEVERITY AMONG STEMI PATIENTS

Dr. Victor Thomas V.*, Dr. Gurushanthappa S., Dr. Harisha E. J.

ABSTRACT

This retrospective, single-centre study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to explore their correlation with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score. A total of 152 confirmed STEMI patients were included. Clinical, hematological, and biochemical data were collected, and NLR was calculated as neutrophil/lymphocyte count, while the TyG index was computed as ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25. The mean age of the study population was 45 ± 28 years, with males comprising 81.6%. The average NLR was 6.83 ± 4.08, TyG index 8.99 ± 0.47, and mean ejection fraction 42.9 ± 7.25%. NLR showed a significant positive correlation with the GRACE risk score (r = 0.269, p = 0.02), indicating its strong prognostic value as an inflammatory biomarker in STEMI. Although the TyG index exhibited a positive but non-significant correlation, it suggests potential clinical relevance. Incorporating these simple, inexpensive biomarkers into standard evaluation may enhance early risk stratification and guide individualized management of STEMI patients.

Keywords: STEMI, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, triglyceride–glucose index, GRACE risk score, cardiac dysfunction.