EMERGING TRENDS IN SUNSCREEN FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY

Kuldeep Jangid, Vipin Mathur*

ABSTRACT

Sunscreens have emerged as pharmacologically and commercially significant dermatological formulations, driven by rapid advancements in cosmetic science and pharmaceutical innovation. This systematic review examines the pharmacological mechanisms, formulation strategies, and market relevance of sunscreens, emphasizing the evolution and significance of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF). Both chemical (organic) agents - such as avobenzone and oxybenzone - and physical (inorganic) filters like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are reviewed for their photoprotective mechanisms, safety, and formulation challenges. The study systematically evaluates published literature on formulation design, pharmacokinetics, efficacy assessment, and consumer perception of SPF-based products. It also explores the relationship between SPF labelling, therapeutic performance, and consumer behavior. Pharmacologically, sunscreens function as essential agents against ultraviolet-induced oxidative damage, photoaging, and carcinogenesis. Ongoing research continues to enhance their efficacy, photostability, and safety. Integrating pharmacological advances with formulation science and public awareness will enable the development of safer, more effective, and sustainable sunscreen products

Keywords: Sunscreen, pharmacological mechanisms, formulation science, market relevance, Sun Protection Factor (SPF).