PALATE AND ITS PROSTHODONTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Dr. Vinay Rana*, Dr. Samarth Kumar Agarwal, Dr. Romil Singhal and Dr. Subhra Rout

ABSTRACT

The human palate, forming the roof of the oral cavity and the floor of the nasal cavity, plays a vital role in respiration, speech, mastication, and deglutition. It is a complex anatomical and functional structure composed of two primary regions—the hard palate anteriorly and the soft palate posteriorly—each with distinct embryological origins, histological features, and clinical significance. This review article provides an in-depth exploration of the development, detailed anatomy, and physiological roles of the palate, with particular emphasis on clinically relevant landmarks such as palatal rugae, palatine raphe, and fovea palatini. The review also covers the embryogenesis of the primary and secondary palate, highlighting critical stages in fetal development and their implications in congenital anomalies like cleft palate. A classification of palatal types based on shape and function is discussed to aid in prosthodontic and surgical planning. Additionally, the article addresses common palatal pathologies—including mucormycosis, palatal fistulae, and neoplasms—along with their diagnostic and management considerations. Advances in forensic identification using rugoscopy, innovations in cleft palate surgery, and emerging technologies in palatal reconstruction are also reviewed. By consolidating anatomical knowledge with clinical applications and current research, this review underscores the central role of the palate in oral and systemic health.

Keywords: Hard palate, soft palate, cleft palate, prosthodontics, rugoscopy, palatal defects.