THE PROFILE OF SECONDARY GLAUCOMA AT KING HUSSEIN MEDICAL CENTER

Munsif Fayiz Alsalem* MD, Ahmad Khatatbeh MD, Mohammad Nayef Al Aqarbah MD, Shehab Alabed MD, Hosamadden Alkayid MD

ABSTRACT

Aim: To describe the clinical profile, etiologies, management strategies, and outcomes of secondary glaucoma in patients treated at King Hussein Medical Center, a tertiary referral hospital in Jordan. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 500 patients (750 eyes) diagnosed with secondary glaucoma between January 2019 and January 2025. Data were extracted from medical records, including demographics, systemic comorbidities, glaucoma etiology, baseline and follow-up intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), gonioscopic and optic nerve findings, and treatment modalities. Outcomes were evaluated at 6 months post-treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: The mean patient age was 56.4 years, with a male predominance (58%) and equal distribution of unilateral and bilateral cases. Neovascular glaucoma (27.1%) was the most common subtype, followed by uveitic (20.0%) and traumatic glaucoma (18.0%). Surgical intervention was the primary treatment modality in 50.6% of cases and showed the highest success in achieving target IOP (<21 mmHg) in 90% of eyes. BCVA improved or stabilized in 72% of eyes overall, with phacomorphic and steroid-induced glaucoma showing the best visual outcomes. Eyes with neovascular and traumatic glaucoma had the poorest visual prognosis. Conclusion: Secondary glaucoma in Jordan is most commonly attributed to neovascular causes, largely reflecting the high prevalence of diabetes and other vascular comorbidities. Surgical intervention offers the most effective IOP control in advanced cases. Timely diagnosis, etiologic identification, and individualized treatment are critical for preserving visual function in affected patients. These findings provide foundational epidemiological data that can inform clinical practice and healthcare planning in the region

Keywords: Secondary glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Visual outcomes.