EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHONOLIC EXTRACT OF ABUTILON INDICUM STEM BARK

Kapil Dev* and Praveen Kumar

ABSTRACT

The present study focuses on the preparation and evaluation of the ethanolic extract of Abutilon indicum leaves for its phytochemical composition and antimicrobial potential. Dried leaf material was subjected to methanolic extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus, followed by concentration under reduced pressure and vacuum drying to obtain the crude extract. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several bioactive constituents, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, phenolic compounds, and glycosides. Physicochemical parameters such as ash values, extractive values, crude fiber content, and loss on drying were within acceptable limits, confirming the quality and stability of the extract. Antimicrobial studies demonstrated significant inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Neisseria meningitidis. Additionally, the extract exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, with a dose-dependent increase in zone of inhibition. These findings support the traditional medicinal use of Abutilon indicum and highlight its potential as a natural source of antimicrobial agents.

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