EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHONOLIC EXTRACT OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA LEAVES

Kavindra Singh* and Praveen Kumar

ABSTRACT

This study focused on the preparation and evaluation of a crude ethanolic extract from the air-dried leaves of Andrographis paniculata. The powdered leaves were extracted using methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus, followed by filtration and concentration under reduced pressure to yield a solid crude extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds including alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, steroids, glycosides, and reducing sugars. Physicochemical parameters such as ash values, extractive values, crude fiber content, and foaming index were determined, indicating good quality and stability of the extract. The antimicrobial potential of the extract was assessed against multiple microbial strains. Results showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria, as well as notable antifungal effects against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata possesses promising antimicrobial properties and may serve as a natural source for developing alternative therapeutic agents.

Keywords: The antimicrobial potential of the extract was assessed against multiple microbial strains.