A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW ON EXPLORING THE THERAPEUTIC LANDSCAPE OF ACORUS CALAMUS, GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA, SYMPLOCOS RACEMOSA, AND CORIANDRUM SATIVUM

Kavita*, Shaily Mishra and Dr. Shamim Ahmad

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants have been fundamental to traditional healing systems for centuries and are gaining renewed attention due to their therapeutic potential and minimal side effects compared to synthetic drugs. This review critically explores the taxonomy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of four traditionally significant medicinal plants: Acorus calamus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Symplocos racemosa, and Coriandrum sativum. Each plant is analyzed for its bioactive constituents, such as α-asarone, glycyrrhizin, betulinic acid, and linalool, which contribute to diverse pharmacological actions including neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and wound-healing effects. Despite their promising profiles, some concerns, such as the potential carcinogenicity of β-asarone and glycyrrhizin-induced side effects, necessitate further clinical validation. This review emphasizes the therapeutic relevance of these botanicals in modern medicine while advocating for more comprehensive studies on safety, standardization, and sustainable use to fully harness their pharmacological benefits.

Keywords: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Symplocos racemosa, Coriandrum sativum, ?-asarone, glycyrrhizin, betulinic acid, and linalool.