A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN AUTISTIC TRAITS AND THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS

Japnoor Garcha* and Andrew P. Smith

ABSTRACT

Background: There is growing interest in the association between autistic traits and the well-being of students. A systematic review of this topic was carried out. Methods: The following search engines were used for studies conducted between 2014 and 2024: Google Scholar, SCOPUS, PubMed and PschInfo. The search terms were: autism spectrum quotient, AQ, autistic traits, mental health, students, university students, and school students. Results: Nine studies were selected for full review. The results showed associations between autistic traits, ADHD, anxiety and depression. High levels of autistic traits were associated with difficulty switching behaviour, reduced social skills and sticking to routine. Autistic traits were also associated with reduced quality of social life. The relationships between autistic traits and well-being outcomes were mediated by factors such as social competence. Conclusions: There are complex relationships between autistic traits and well-being, and further robust research and targeted interventions are required.

Keywords: Autistic traits; Well-being; Students; ADHD; Anxiety; Depression; Quality of life; Loneliness.