TRANSDERMAL PATCHES FOR DIABETES AND THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDER- A LIPOSOMAL CHALLENGE

Priyanka Thakur*, Tarun Manhas, Veepin Kumar, Nirmala, Nishant Saini and Sumit Kumar Sharma

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic disease with an increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide, is an established risk factor for arterial cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular diseases including acute myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease. Atherothrombosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Several mechanisms contribute to the diabetic prothrombotic state, including endothelial dysfunction, coagulative activation and platelet hyper-reactivity. Glycation of membrane proteins, hyperglycemia also decreases the membrane fluidity of platelets and results in increased intracellular calcium influx, directly promoting platelet activation and aggregation. Mg2+ can potentiate the activation of factor X by activated factor IX while in the presence of activated factor VIII, phospholipids and Ca2+, the activation of factor IX by activated factor VII-tissue factor complex. Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) offers a better route of delivery, reported to have better patient compliance. Transdermal drug delivery system is a most suitable system for a long term treatment or for a multi-dose treatment and this system also increases the bioavailability of drug by avoiding the first pass metabolism and increases the therapeutic efficacy of drug by reaching into the systemic circulation. In this article, herbal liposomes are targeted for the site specific therapy of Diabetes and Thromboembolic disorders.

Keywords: Liposomes, Herbs, Coagulation, Transdermal patches, Thromboembolism.