ENZYMOSOMES – A NANOCARRIER FOR ENZYME DELIVERY: FROM DESIGN TO THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS

Bhavin D. Pandya* and Yashvi M. Kachhiya

ABSTRACT

This study reports the design, characterization, and evaluation of a new generation of SOD-Enzymozomes, where superoxide dismutase (SOD) is covalently attached to the distal terminus of polyethylene glycol (PEG) chemically bound to liposome head groups. The PEG layer shields the exposed enzyme at the liposomal surface from the medium while allowing access to its substrate. The conjugated SOD was prepared through a thiolation reaction and subsequently attached to liposomes containing lipid anchors. In-vitro and in-vivo studies were conducted to compare the newly developed PEG-enzymosomes with surface-exposed SOD (SOD-enzymosomes) and PEG- liposomes with encapsulated SOD in the internal aqueous space (SOD-liposomes). The results demonstrated improved therapeutic activity and stability of the PEG- enzymosomes, highlighting their potential for targeted delivery of enzymes in various biomedical applications, including enzyme replacement therapy, cancer treatment, and organophosphorus antidotal treatment. The development of these novel SOD- enzymosomes offers a promising approach for the treatment of various diseases, where site-specific delivery of enzymes is crucial.

Keywords: Enzymosomes, nanocarrier, enzyme delivery, evaluation, therapeutic applications.