ADVANCEMENTS IN VACCINE TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR ROLE IN IMMUNIZATION STRATEGIES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abhijeet Welankiwar*, Nisha Gujar, Ankita Gawande and Pradyumna Keche

ABSTRACT

Immunization and vaccine development have advanced significantly, revolutionizing the fight against illness. Inactivated, live-attenuated, and toxoid vaccines were the mainstays of traditional vaccine development and have proven effective in the battle against a wide range of illnesses. Rapid vaccine development, however, has been transformed by contemporary technologies such as mRNA, DNA, and viral vector vaccines, particularly in times of global health emergencies like COVID-19. Researchers are now able to find possible vaccine targets and improve vaccine design thanks to the greater acceleration of vaccine research brought about by artificial intelligence and machine learning. By prioritizing promising vaccine candidates through the analysis of genomic data, reverse vaccinology has also expedited the development process. The Universal Immunization Program (UIP) of the Indian government, which offers vital immunizations to expectant mothers, children, and newborns, is a model for international immunization campaigns. Integrating cutting-edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence, will be essential to bolstering vaccination campaigns and guaranteeing readiness for upcoming pandemics as the world deals with changing health issues.

Keywords: WHO, Immunization, Vaccine, UIP.