PATTERN OF INJECTABLE ANTIBIOTIC PRESCRIPTION AND IT’S USE IN AMBO HOSPITAL IN-PATIENT PEDIATRIC WARD, WEST SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA

Diriba Alemayehu Gadisa* and Amelework Gidisa Duresa

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pediatric Injectable antibiotic prescription is a major concern in terms of public health, since infections are the most frequent cause of childhood disease. Irrational prescribing is a habit which is difficult to counteract and this may lead to ineffective treatment, health risks, patient non-compliance, drug wastage, wasting resources and unnecessary expenditure. Objective: The aim of this hospital-based cross sectional study was to assess the pattern of Injectable antibiotic prescription and its use in the in-patient Pediatric ward of Ambo Hospital. Methods: Retrospective cross sectional study of medication records of hospitalized pediatric patients who received injectable antibiotic from February, 2013 to February, 2014 GC at in-patient pediatrics ward of Ambo Hospital. The study employed a cross-sectional quantitative survey. Results: At the Ambo Hospital from February, 2013 to February, 2014 GC, totally 1524 children were admitted and 1156(75.85%) of them were treated with the injectable antibiotics. A total of 512 client documents were collected and analyzed out of which 292 (57.03%) were male and 220(42.92%) were female. Pneumonia was most frequently seen and treated at all age groups that was 27.34%, 13.67%, 3.71%, 4.88% and 1.17% for 0-1, 1-3, 3-5, 5-10 and 11-14 years age groups. Chloramphenicol injection +Penicillin-G crystalline 161(53.48%) were the most frequently prescribed combined antibiotics while ceftriaxone accounted for 198(38.66 %) of the single frequently prescribed injectable antibiotic. Most often an inappropriate use of injectable antibiotics prescribed was interms of inappropriate indication; ceftraxone 93(39.9%) and Cloxacillin injection 11(73.33%) and CAF injection 80(40.40%) of them took this drug for inappropriate duration of treatment which followed by ampicillin 59(64.13%) and gentamicin 49(47.50%) from 92 and 103 pediatric patient who took it respectively. Conclusion: In the hospital most frequently antibiotic prescribed were ceftriaxone, CAF, and penicillin G crystalline while Pneumonia was the most frequently diagnosed disease. Significant number of patients was prescribed with inappropriate over all injectable antibiotics as per WHO indicators.

Keywords: Injectable, antibiotics, pediatrics, in-patient, irrational.