A STUDY ON EFFECT OF HERBAL PHONOPHORESIS ON PAW VOLUME IN FREUND’S ADJUVANT INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

Dr. P. Lakshmikanth*

ABSTRACT

Background: Arthritis is a musculoskeletal system disorder following mechanical and biological events that destabilize normal coupling between degradation and synthesis withinarticular cartilage. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases, is a chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disorder affecting the synovial joints and typically producing symmetrical arthritis that leads to joint destruction (Figure 1), which is responsible for the deformity and disability. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ultrasound with herbal phonophoresis on paw volume in freund‟s adjuvant induced arthritis in experimental rats. Intervention: Adult Wistar male rat with an initial body weight of 180 to 200g were taken, and divided into four groups each containing six animals. Group I served as normal rats. On day zero, group II to IV rats were injected into the sub plantar region of the left hind paw with 0.1ml of Freund‟s complete adjuvant. This consists of Mycobacterium butyricum suspended in heavy paraffin oil by thorough grinding with motor and pestle to give a concentration of 5mg/ml (This dose confirmed in our lab followed by different concentrations (1 to 10mg/ml)). Design: Comparative Experimental Design. Results: Within group analysis revealed significant improvement in either groups (p<0.05) after 1week of intervention. However when both groups were compared, there was no statistical significant difference found. Conclusion: this study conclused that there was significant effect on ultrasound with herbal phonophoresis on paw volume in freund‟s adjuvant induced arthritis in experimental rats.

Keywords: Phonophoresis, Arthritis, Oxidative stress, Freund?s complete adjuvant.